Year 10 Biology.
Animal vs plant cells, organelles (nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, chloroplasts), specialised cells overview, prokaryotes vs eukaryotes. Required practical: Microscopy sim (PhET microscope or YouTube virtual scope).
Cells → tissues → organs → organ systems; examples (digestive system, heart as organ).
Enzyme structure, lock-and-key model, factors (temp, pH), graphs. Required practical: Amylase/starch sim (PhET or virtual lab).
Types (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists), spread, examples (malaria, measles).
Maintaining internal environment, negative feedback, temp + glucose control examples.
Chromosomes, genes, DNA structure, genotype vs phenotype intro, asexual vs sexual.
Biotic/abiotic factors, food chains, producers/consumers.
Passive transport, factors, osmosis in cells/plants/animals. Req practical: PhET Osmosis sim.
Organs, enzymes in digestion, food tests. Req practical: Food tests sim.
Equation, factors, chloroplast role.
White blood cells, phagocytosis, antibodies.
Neurones, reflex arc intro.
Genetic vs environmental, mutations intro.
Trophic levels, energy transfer, pyramids.
Calculations, potato practical review via sim.
Blood vessels, heart structure, CHD.
Aerobic/anaerobic, oxygen debt, equations.
Herd immunity, immune memory.
Insulin, adrenaline, mid-year diagnostic focus.
Adaptation, survival of fittest.
Extinction, pollution effects.
Ion uptake, root hair cells, against gradient.
Alveoli, adaptations.
Limiting factors graphs, rate calcs.
Clinical trials, stages.
Reaction time, practical sim.
Genetic crosses, probabilities.
Quadrats, transects, practical sim.
Cell cycle, stages, cancer link. Req practical: Microscopy review.
Xylem/phloem, transpiration.
Energy transfer, ATP, rates.
Vaccines evaluation, antibiotics limits.
Feedback loops advanced.
Fossils, genetics, antibiotic resistance.
Balance, human disruption.
Multi-topic questions (Paper 1 focus).
Multi-topic + required practicals review.
Full mock section, final diagnostic.
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